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William-Adolphe Bouguereau

Self-Portrait (1879)
Birth nameWilliam-Adolphe Bouguereau
Born November 30 1825(1825-11-30)
La Rochelle, France
Died August 19 1905 (aged 79)
La Rochelle, France
Nationality French
Field Painter
Movement Realism
Famous works The Birth of Venus
The Bohemian

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (November 30, 1825 – August 19, 1905) was a French academic painter.

Contents

Biography

Bouguereau was born in La Rochelle.

A student at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, he won the Prix de Rome in 1850 and his realistic genre paintings and mythological themes were exhibited at the annual exhibitions of the Paris Salon for his entire working life. Although he fell into obscurity in the early 20th century, due perhaps to his staunch opposition to the Impressionists, there is a new appreciation for his work. In his lifetime, Bouguereau painted eight hundred and twenty-six paintings.

Detail from The Birth of Venus by Bouguereau.

In his own time, Bouguereau was considered to be one of the greatest painters in the world. In 1900, his contemporaries Degas and Monet reportedly named him as most likely to be remembered as the greatest 19th-century French painter by the year 2000, according to chairman Fred Ross of the Art Renewal Center - although with Degas\' famous trenchant wit, and the aesthetic tendencies of the two Impressionists, it is possible the statement was meant as an ironic comment on the taste of the future public. Bouguereau\'s works were eagerly bought, at high prices, especially by American millionaires. After about 1920, Bouguereau fell into disrepute. Some assert this may have been consciously engineered by the new "art expert establishment", who resented his former opposition to new developments in painting, but it is likely that more profound societal factors were instrumental to this enormous shift in taste and sensibility. For decades, his name was not even mentioned in encyclopedias. Today, over one hundred museums throughout the world exhibit his works.

At a rather advanced age, Bouguereau was married for the second time, to fellow artist Elizabeth Jane Gardner Bouguereau, one of his pupils. He also used his influence to open many French art institutions to women for the first time, including the Académie française.

He died in La Rochelle.

Real name dilemma

W.Bouguereau signature (detail).

Sources on his full name are contradictory; some give William-Adolphe Bouguereau (composed name), William Adolphe Bouguereau (usual and civil-only names according to the French tradition), while others give Adolphe William Bouguereau (with Adolphe as the usual name). However, the artist used to sign his works simply as William Bouguereau (hinting "William" was his given name, whatever the order), or more precisely as "W.Bouguereau.date" (French alphabet) and later as "W-BOVGVEREAV-date" (Latin alphabet).

Exhibitions

His first modern exhibition appeared in 1974 at the New York Cultural Center as a curiosity. In 1984 the Borghi Gallery hosted the commercial show of his 23 oil paintings and 1 drawing. In the same year a major exhibition was organized by the Montréal Museum of Fine Arts, in Canada. The exhibition opened at the Musée du Petit-Palais, in Paris, traveled to The Wadsworth Atheneum in Hartford, and concluded in Montréal. This was the beginning of renewal of interest about Bouguereau. In 1997 Mark Borghi and Laura Borghi organized an early Internet exhibition.

Reviews

  • Albert Boime: The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century (London, 1971).
  • Aleska Celebonovic: Peinture kitsch ou réalisme bourgeois, l\'art pompier dans le monde. Paris: Seghers, 1974.
  • Art Pompier: Anti-Impressionism. New York: The Emily Lowe Gallery, Hofstra University, 1974.
  • Mario Amaya (Forward), Robert Isaacson (catalogue and selection): William Adolphe Bouguereau. New York: New York Cultural Center, 1974.
  • John Russell: Art: Cultural Center Honors Bouguereau. In New York Times, 1974.
  • Louise d \'Argencourt and Douglas Druick: The Other Nineteenth Century. Ottawa: The National Gallery of Canada, 1978.
  • James Harding: Les peintres pompiers. Paris: Flammarion, 1980.
  • "The Bouguereau Market". The Art newsletter. January 6, 1981. pp. 6-8.
  • Louise d\'Argencourt and Mark Steven Walker: William Bouguereau. Montreal, Canada: The Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, 1984.
  • Robert and H. W. Jason Rosenblums: 19th Century Art. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1984.
  • Michael Gibson: Bouguereau\'s "Photo-Idealism". In International Herald Tribune, 1984.
  • Grace Glueck: To Bouguereau, Art Was Strictly "The Beautiful. In The New York Times, 1985.
  • Cécile Ritzenthaler: L\'école des beaux art du XIXe siècle. édition Mayer, 1987
  • Exhibition catalogue William Adolphe Bouguereau, L\'Art Pompier. Borghi & Co., New York, 1991.

See also

Articles on individual paintings
Other

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (category)

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:

William-Adolphe Bouguereau

Gallery

1850s

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Dante And Virgil In Hell (1850).jpg

Dante And Virgil In Hell (1850)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - A Portrait of Amelina Dufaud Bouguereau (1850).jpg

A Portrait of Amelina Dufaud Bouguereau (1850)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - A Portrait of Eugène Bouguereau (1850).jpg

A Portrait of Eugène Bouguereau (1850)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - A Portrait of Geneviève Bouguereau (1850).jpg

A Portrait of Geneviève Bouguereau (1850)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - A Portrait of Léonie Bouguereau (1850).jpg

A Portrait of Léonie Bouguereau (1850)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Portrait of Monsieur M. (1850).png

Portrait of Monsieur M. (1850)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Fraternal Love (1851).png

Fraternal Love (1851)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Arion on a Sea Horse (1855).jpg

Arion on a Sea Horse (1855)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Bacchante on a Panther (1855).jpg

Bacchante on a Panther (1855)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Dance (1856).jpg

The Dance (1856)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Charity (1859).jpg

Charity (1859)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Day of the Dead (1859).jpg

The Day of the Dead (1859)

1860s

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Tobias Saying Good-Bye to his Father (1860).png

Tobias Saying Good-Bye to his Father (1860)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Young Woman Contemplating Two Embracing Children (1861).jpg

Young Woman Contemplating Two Embracing Children (1861)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Remorse of Orestes (1862).jpg

The Remorse of Orestes (1862)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Prayer (1865).jpg

The Prayer (1865)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Soup (1865).jpg

Soup (1865)

William A. Bouguereau -Premières Caresses - 1866.jpg

Premières Caresses (1866)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Gypsy Girl with a Basque Drum (1867).jpg

Gypsy Girl with a Basque Drum (1867)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Tête d\'Etude l\'Oiseau (1867).jpg

Tête d\'Etude l\'Oiseau (1867)

William A. Bouguereau - Yvonnette - 1867.jpg

Yvonnette (1867)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Bunch Of Grapes (1868).jpg

The Bunch Of Grapes (1868)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Young Shepherdess (1868).jpg

Young Shepherdess (1868)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Elder Sister (1869).png

The Elder Sister (1869)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Haymaker (1869).jpg

The Haymaker (1869)

The Knitting Woman painting by William-Adolphe Bouguereau.jpg

The Knitting Girl (1869)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Maternal Admiration (1869).jpg

Maternal Admiration (1869)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Washerwomen of Fouesnant (1869).png

Washerwomen of Fouesnant (1869)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Young Worker (1869).jpg

Young Worker (1869)

Bouguereau Seule-au-monde.jpg

Seule au monde (before 1867)

1870s

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Bather (1870).jpg

Bather (1870)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Breton Brother and Sister (1871).jpg

Breton Brother and Sister (1871)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Italian Girl Drawing Water (1871).jpg

Italian Girl Drawing Water (1871)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Young Mother Gazing At Her Child (1871).jpg

Young Mother Gazing At Her Child (1871)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Pendant l\'Orage (1872).jpg

Pendant l\'Orage (1872)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Proposal (1872).jpg

The Proposal (1872)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Nymphs and Satyr (1873).jpg

Nymphs and Satyr (1873)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Spinner (1873).jpg

The Spinner (1873)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Child Braiding A Crown (1874).jpg

Child Braiding A Crown (1874)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Homer and his Guide (1874).jpg

Homer and his Guide (1874)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - After the Bath (1875).jpg

After the Bath (1875)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - At the Edge of the Brook (1875).jpg

At the Edge of the Brook (1875)

Cupidon.jpg

Cupidon (1875)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Flora And Zephyr (1875).jpg

Flora And Zephyr (1875)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Lullaby (1875).jpg

Lullaby (1875)

1875 Bouguereau-Vierge-Jésus-SaintJeanBaptiste.jpg

The Virgin, Jesus & Saint John Baptist (1875)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Charity (1878).jpg

Charity (1878)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Nymphaeum (1878).jpg

The Nymphaeum (1878)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Return from the Harvest (1878).jpg

Return from the Harvest (1878)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - At the Edge of the Brook (1879).jpg

At the Edge of the Brook (1879)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Birth of Venus (1879).jpg

The Birth of Venus (1879)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Rest (1879).jpg

Rest (1879)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Young Gypsies (1879).jpg

Young Gypsies (1879)

William A. Bouguereau - La Frileuse - 1879.jpg

La Frileuse (1879)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Tricoteuse (1879).jpg

Tricoteuse (1879)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Portrait de Mademoiselle Elizabeth Gardner (1879).jpg

Mademoiselle Elizabeth Gardner (1879)

WilliamBouguereau-TheBather-(1879).jpg

The Bather (1879)

1880s

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Flagellation of Our Lord Jesus Christ (1880).jpg

The Flagellation of Our Lord Jesus Christ (1880)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Temptation (1880).png

Temptation (1880)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - A Young Girl Defending Herself Against Eros (1880).jpg

A Young Girl Defending Herself Against Eros (1880)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Dawn (1881).jpg

Dawn (1881)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Day (1881).jpg

Day (1881)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Shepherdess (1881).jpg

The Shepherdess (1881)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Song of the Angels (1881).jpg

Song of the Angels (1881)

Bouguereau-Evening Mood 1882.jpg

Evening Mood(1882)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Little Knitter (1882).jpg

The Little Knitter (1882)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Nut Gatherers (1882).jpg

The Nut Gatherers (1882)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Motherland (1883).jpg

The Motherland (1883)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - La Nuit (1883).jpg

La Nuit (1883)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Biblis (1884).jpg

Biblis (1884)

Crown.jpg

Crown of Flowers (1884)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Difficult Lesson (1884).jpg

The Difficult Lesson (1884)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Horseback Ride (1884).jpg

The Horseback Ride (1884)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Seated Nude (1884).jpg

Seated Nude (1884)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Lost Pleiad (1884).jpg

Lost Pleiad (1884)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Youth of Bacchus (1884).jpg

The Youth of Bacchus (1884)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Love\'s Resistance (1885).png

Love\'s Resistance (1885)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Young Girl Going to the Spring (1885).jpg

Young Girl Going to the Spring (1885)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Young Shepherdess (1885).jpg

The Young Shepherdess (1885)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Big Sis\' (1886).jpg

Big Sis\' (1886)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Return of Spring (1886).jpg

Return of Spring (1886)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Self-Portrait Presented To M. Sage (1886).jpg

Self-Portrait Presented To M. Sage (1886)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Thirst (1886).jpg

Thirst (1886)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Brother And Sister (1887).jpg

Brother And Sister (1887)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Young Shepherdess Standing (1887).jpg

Young Shepherdess Standing (1887)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Study - Head Of A Little Girl (1888).jpg

Study: Head Of A Little Girl (1888)

Kiss (1873).jpg

L\'Amour et Psyché, enfants (1889)

Little-shep.jpg

The Little Shepherdess (1889)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Shepherdess (1889).jpg

The Shepherdess (1889)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Whisperings of Love (1889).jpg

Whisperings of Love (1889)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Young Girl Crocheting (1889).jpg

Young Girl Crocheting (1889)

1890s

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Bohemian (1890).jpg

The Bohemian (1890)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - A Little Coaxing (1890).jpg

A Little Coaxing (1890)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Love on the Look Out (1890).jpg

Love on the Look Out (1890)

Gabrielle Cot 1890.jpg

Portrait of Gabrielle Cot (1890)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Broken Pitcher (1891).jpg

The Broken Pitcher (1891)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Goose Girl (1891).jpg

The Goose Girl (1891)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Work Interrupted (1891).jpg

Work Interrupted (1891)

Bouguereau-Psyche.jpg

Psyche (1892)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Invation (1893).jpg

The Invasion (1893)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Youth (1893).jpg

Youth (1893)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - After the Bath (1894).jpg

After the Bath (1894)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Bacchante (1894).jpg

Bacchante (1894)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Daisies (1894).jpg

Daisies (1894)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Palm Leaf (Unknown).jpg

The Palm Leaf (1894)

Psycheabduct.jpg

The Abduction of Psyche (1895)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - In Penitence (1895).jpg

In Penitence (1895)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Not Too Much To Carry (1895).jpg

Not Too Much To Carry (1895)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Song of the Nightingale (1895).jpg

The Song of the Nightingale (1895)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Spring Breeze (1895).jpg

Spring Breeze (1895)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - A Calling (1896).jpg

A Calling (1896)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - At The Fountain (1897).jpg

At The Fountain (1897)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Compassion (1897).jpg

Compassion (1897)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Irène (1897).jpg

Irène (1897)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Curtsey (1898).jpg

The Curtsey (1898)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Head Of A Young Girl (1898).jpg

Head Of A Young Girl (1898)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Inspiration (1898).jpg

Inspiration (1898)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Sewing (1898) Edit 2.jpg

Sewing (1898)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Elegy (1899).jpg

Elegy (1899)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Girl Holding Lemons (1899).jpg

Girl Holding Lemons (1899)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Mailice (1899).jpg

Mailice (1899)

1900s

Bouguereau The Virgin With Angels.jpg

The Virgin With Angels (1900)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Laurel Branch (1900).jpg

Laurel Branch (1900)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Before The Bath (1900).jpg

Before The Bath (1900)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - A Childhood Idyll (1900).jpg

A Childhood Idyll (1900)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Two Sisters (1901).jpg

Two Sisters (1901)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Rêve de printemps (1901).jpg

Dream of Spring (1901)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Young Priestess (1902).jpg

Young Priestess (1902)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - The Madonna of the Roses (1903).jpg

The Madonna of the Roses (1903)

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Far Niente (1904).jpg

Far Niente (1904)


Persondata
NAME Bouguereau, William-Adolphe
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION French academic painter
DATE OF BIRTH 1825-11-30
PLACE OF BIRTH La Rochelle, France
DATE OF DEATH 1905-08-19
PLACE OF DEATH La Rochelle, France

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